convergent boundaries

Convergent boundaries from estee seetoh

Convergent videos

Chunkit video

Three Types of Convergent Boundaries -- powered by ehow

Subduction/Magma Types of mountain

Common test

•Elements of weather

–Temperature, relative humidity P31, pressure and winds P33

•Types of climate

–Tropical equatorial P42, tropical monsoon P37, cool temperate (marine west-coast)

•Climate change

–Causes : Burning fossil fuel, Deforestation, Agriculture, Urbanisation

–Impact : Sea level rise, Extreme weather events, Growing season affected, Dieases

–Responses (LDQ) : International (Kyoto and Copenhagen) & National (Singapore and India)

Weather and Climate revision

	With reference to Fig. 1, identify the instrument used by the students and state the relative humidity recorded for that day.  Explain how the students obtain this information, using evidence from Fig.1.       [5]
	·        Instrument used:  wet and dry bulb thermometer (compulsory) ·        Relative humidity recorded: 61% (compulsory) ·        Read/record the dry bulb temperature, which is 33° C ·        Read/record the wet bulb temperature, which is 27° C ·        Find the wet bulb depression 33 - 27 = is 6° C  [5 @ 1 mark]
(c)	One student thought that the relative humidity could be related to the depression of wet bulb. State how this relationship could be expressed and explain how this information could be represented graphically to show the relationship.       [4]
	·        1 mark for ‘the greater the depression of wet bulb, the lower the relative humidity’ or equivalent ·        Scatter graph most likely ·        Wet bulb depression on x, relative humidity on y ·        Points plotted/line of best fit [4 @ 1 mark] Ei) LAND AND SEA BREEZE 6       Study Fig 3 which shows a labelled diagram of how sea breeze is formed during the day. Draw a similar well-labelled diagram below to show how land breezes are formed at night.                                                                                                                   [4] 9      Study Fig 5, which shows monsoon winds in summer. (a)     With reference to Fig. 5, identify the monsoon winds that blow in December in India. [1]           North-east Monsoon (b)     Explain the formation of the monsoon wind identified in (i). [4] half mark each ·       October to February ·       Higher pressure in the southern hemisphere ·       Lower pressure in the northern hemisphere ·       From high to low pressure ·       Northeast monsoon winds ·       Brings little rain to India ·       Picks up moisture from the South China Sea ·       Deflected to the left due to Coriolis effect * (a) Study Figs. 3 and 4, which show the climographs of Peru and India.                                       (i) With reference to Figs. 3 and 4, compare the characteristics of the climate of Peru and India.                                                                                                                   [4]    Rainfall ·        Peru’s rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year while India’s rainfall is seasonal/unevenly distributed. ·        India experiences high seasonal rainfall from June to September and low seasonal rainfall from October to May. ·        Peru’s annual rainfall is about 2815mm while India’s annual rainfall is about 3320mm. Temperature ·        Both Peru and India experience high temperature of around 27°C throughout the year. ·        India has a larger annual temperature range of about 4°C while Peru has a small annual temperature range of 1°C. (ii) Account for the distribution of rainfall in India.                                        [4]    ·        From June to September, India is experiencing southwest monsoon that travels over the Indian Ocean. ·        It bring moisture/rain to India; resulting in high rainfall. ·        From October to April, India is experiencing northeast monsoon wind that travels across the continental land. ·        The monsoon wind was able to receive moisture hence India did not receive much rain during this period of time.

Videos

Convection current 3 types of plate movement Divergent plate boundaries

benjamins' video

Divergent from estee seetoh

Presentation1 from estee seetoh

P49 Q3 With reference to Figure 2, describe the tectonic plate movements and explain why they move. [5]

Describe plate movements 

• Divergent movements – pull away
• Convergent movements – push towards
• Transform movements – slide past

 Explain why they move 
(0.5m each)

1. Material in the mantle is heated by the core. 
2. This causes convection currents in the molten mantle material. 
3. Mantle expands, rises and spreads out beneath the plates which “float on them”.
4. Plates are dragged along and move away from each other. 
5. Subsequently, the hot molten mantle cools slightly and sinks, pulling the plates along.
6. Hence plates move towards each other. 
7. The sinking mantle material heats up again as it nears the core, and the whole process repeats. 
8. The plates may even slide past each other due to the convection currents 

P50 Q4    (a)   Describe the distribution of volcanoes and earthquakes in the world in Fig 3  [4]

Distribution of volcanoes (Maximum 2 marks)

• —     Both volcanoes and earthquakes are found at the Pacific Ring of Fire. 
•     The belt stretches from New Zealand, through south-west pacific, Indonesia, Philippines to Japan. 
•     It continues into Alaska in North America and runs down the Cascade Range on the west coast of North America to Central America and to the Andes Mountains on the west coast of South America. 
•      It Is found along the boundaries of several converging plates such as Nazca Plate, Australian Plate and Eurasian Plate.—  
•     Volcanoes Are found at diverging plate boundaries such as East Africa and Mid-Atlantic Ocean.

Distribution of earthquakes (Maximum 2 marks)

• ·    Occurs more frequently at convergent plate boundaries.
• ·    The belt stretches from the Mediterranean Sea to the Himalayan Mountains, which is a zone of collision. 

Plate layers convection distribution_movement from estee seetoh

Pangaea Aloysius Earth Structure Darren Convection Current